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<title>Stylus (computing)</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stylus (computing)</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about stylus pens used in computing. For the writing utensil, see <a href="Stylus" title="Stylus">Stylus</a>.</div>

<p>In computing, a <b>stylus</b> (or <b>stylus pen</b>) is a small <a href="Pen" title="Pen">pen</a>-shaped instrument whose tip position on a <a href="Computer_monitor" title="Computer monitor">computer monitor</a> can be detected. It is used to draw, or make selections by tapping. While devices with <a href="Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">touchscreens</a> such as <a href="Laptop" title="Laptop">laptops</a>, <a href="Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a>, <a href="Game_consoles" class="mw-redirect" title="Game consoles">game consoles</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Giz_Explains_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giz_Explains-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="Graphics_tablet" title="Graphics tablet">graphics tablets</a><sup id="cite_ref-Shelly_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shelly-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> can usually be operated with a fingertip, a stylus can provide more accurate and controllable input.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>The earliest computer-related usage for a stylus was in 1643 with <a href="Pascal's_calculator" class="mw-redirect" title="Pascal's calculator">Pascal's calculator</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The device had rotary dials that rotated in accordance with the selected numbers; with gears, drums, and clever engineering, it was capable of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division (using 9's constant). A stylus was used to turn the dials.

</p><p>Later devices of this type include the <a href="Arithmometer" title="Arithmometer">Arithmometer</a>, in the 1860s; and the <a href="Addiator" class="mw-redirect" title="Addiator">Addiator</a>, in 1920.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Addiator was a pocket mechanical adding machine that used a stylus to move tiny rigid slices of sheet-metal that were enclosed in a case. On the side of a slice of metal there were numbers that became visible to display the result. It was capable of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. In 1967 there was a HEXADAT model,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which allowed 4-function math to be applied to hexadecimal numbers for use in programming. The first use of a stylus in an electronic computing device was the <i>Stylator</i>, demonstrated by Tom Dimond in 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Capacitive">Capacitive</h3></div>

<p>Capacitive (also called passive) styluses emulate a finger by using a tip made of rubber or <a href="Conductive_polymer" title="Conductive polymer">conductive foam</a>; or metal such as copper. They do not need to be powered and can be used on any <a href="Multi-touch" title="Multi-touch">multi-touch</a> surface that a finger can be used, typically <a href="Touchscreen#Capacitive" title="Touchscreen">capacitive screens</a> that are common in <a href="Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smart phones</a> and <a href="Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablet computers</a>. Stylus tips made of rubber or foam are often large, making it rather difficult to get precise notes or drawings.

</p><p>Capacitive styluses work by distorting the screen’s electrostatic field.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Screens that receive input from a capacitive stylus (as well as human fingers) can't register pressure applied by the pen; tilting of the pen; and can't distinguish between a capacitive stylus, your finger, or a resting palm as input - it will register all of these touches as marks on the screen.

</p><p>Capacitive styluses are made of a conductive material (typically as a metal rod or barrel) to transmit electrical charge between the hand and a rubber<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or metal tip such as copper. Being free of any digital components, capacitive styluses can be cost effective to manufacture. <a href="DIY" class="mw-redirect" title="DIY">DIY</a> capacitive styluses can also be made with materials found at home.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Capacitive screens are very widely used on <a href="Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smart phones</a> and <a href="Multi-touch" title="Multi-touch">multi-touch surfaces</a>, where simultaneous use of several fingers is detected.<sup id="cite_ref-PC_Age_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PC_Age-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Capacitive styluses tend to work on any <a href="Multi-touch" title="Multi-touch">multi-touch</a> surface that accepts input from a finger.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Active">Active</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Active_pen" title="Active pen">Active pen</a></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Digital_pen" title="Digital pen">Digital pen</a></div>

<p>Active (also called <a href="Digital_pen" title="Digital pen">digital</a><sup id="cite_ref-Shelly_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shelly-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) styluses include digital components or circuitry inside the pen that communicates with a digitizer on the touch device. This communication allows for advanced features such as pressure sensitivity, tilt, programmable buttons, palm detection, eraser tips, memorizing settings, and writing data transmission. In order for an active stylus to function, its digital component protocol must match the digitizer technology it is interacting with. Active styluses are powered by a removable or chargeable battery, or operate passively by inductance.

</p><p>Active styluses use different protocols by different manufacturers in order to communicate with the digitizer of a <a href="Graphics_tablet" title="Graphics tablet">graphic tablet</a> or <a href="Multi-touch" title="Multi-touch">multi-touch</a> device. The digital protocol of the pen must match the device digitizer, otherwise input from the pen will not register on the device.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Resistive">Resistive</h3></div>

<p>A resistive stylus works by applying pressure to the screen, causing two layers (a conductive and a resistive layer) to make contact. This registers as a touch input.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2></div>

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</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default"><div class="main"><div><ul class="nochecker bordered-images whitebg gallery mw-gallery-traditional">

<div class="gallerytext">A <a href="Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a> being operated with a stylus</div>

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<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Samsung_Galaxy_Note_series" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Galaxy Note series">Samsung Galaxy Note series</a> of smartphones, as well as <a href="Samsung_Galaxy_S22" title="Samsung Galaxy S22">Galaxy S22 Ultra</a>, come with an integrated stylus called <i>S-Pen</i>.</div>

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<div class="gallerytext">A <a href="Nintendo_DS_Lite" class="mw-redirect" title="Nintendo DS Lite">Nintendo DS Lite</a> with its stylus</div>

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<div class="gallerytext">An LG Stylo 2 Plus smartphone, with its integrated stylus</div>

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<ul><li><a href="Active_pen" title="Active pen">Active pen</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_pen" title="Digital pen">Digital pen</a></li>

<li><a href="Pen_computing" title="Pen computing">Pen computing</a></li>

<li><a href="Handwriting_recognition" title="Handwriting recognition">Handwriting recognition</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gizmodo.com/5036516/giz-explains-the-magic-behind-touchscreens">"Giz Explains: The Magic Behind Touchscreens"</a>. <i><a href="Gizmodo" title="Gizmodo">Gizmodo</a></i>. 13 August 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091126085641/http://gizmodo.com/5036516/giz-explains-the-magic-behind-touchscreens">Archived</a> from the original on 26 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-PC_Age-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PC_Age_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBrandon2008" class="citation news cs1">Brandon, John (15 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2336835,00.asp">"The Age of Touch Computing: A Complete Guide"</a>. <i><a href="PC_World" title="PC World">PC World</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171227061947/https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2336835,00.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 27 December 2017.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stylus" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Stylus">Stylus</a></span>.</div></div>

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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ruetersward.com/biblio.html">Annotated Bibliography of References to Pen Computing, Touchscreens, and Tablets</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4xnqKdWMa_8"><span class="">Notes on the History of Pen-based Computing</span></a> on <a href="YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Video_game_controllers81" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Game_controller" title="Game controller">Video game controllers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Controller types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Arcade_controller" title="Arcade controller">Arcade controller</a></li>

<li><a href="Balance_board" title="Balance board">Balance board</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_camera" title="Digital camera">Digital camera</a></li>

<li><a href="Dance_pad" title="Dance pad">Dance pad</a></li>

<li><a href="Gamepad" title="Gamepad">Gamepad</a></li>

<li><a href="Gaming_keypad" title="Gaming keypad">Gaming keypad</a></li>

<li><a href="Interactive_urinal" title="Interactive urinal">Interactive urinal</a></li>

<li><a href="Joystick" title="Joystick">Joystick</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_keyboard" title="Computer keyboard">Keyboard</a></li>

<li><a href="Light_gun" title="Light gun">Light gun</a></li>

<li><a href="Microphone" title="Microphone">Microphone</a></li>

<li><a href="Motion_controller" title="Motion controller">Motion controller</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_mouse" title="Computer mouse">Mouse</a></li>

<li><a href="Rhythm_game_accessories" title="Rhythm game accessories">Musical Instruments</a></li>

<li><a href="Paddle_(game_controller)" title="Paddle (game controller)">Paddle</a></li>

<li><a href="Simulator_pedal" title="Simulator pedal">Pedal</a></li>

<li><a href="Sim_racing_wheel" title="Sim racing wheel">Wheel</a> (<a href="Direct-drive_sim_racing_wheel" title="Direct-drive sim racing wheel">direct drive</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Remote_control" title="Remote control">Remote control</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_reality_headset" title="Virtual reality headset">Virtual reality headset</a></li>

<li><a href="Wired_glove" title="Wired glove">Wired glove</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Controller parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physical buttons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Analog_stick" title="Analog stick">Analog stick</a></li>

<li><a href="Arrow_keys" title="Arrow keys">Arrow keys</a></li>

<li><a href="Hat_switch" class="mw-redirect" title="Hat switch">Hat switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Scroll_wheel" title="Scroll wheel">Scroll wheel</a></li>

<li><a href="Gamepad#Features" title="Gamepad">Select button</a></li>

<li><a href="Gamepad#Features" title="Gamepad">Start button</a></li>

<li><a href="Telephone_keypad" title="Telephone keypad">Telephone keypad</a></li>

<li><a href="Trackball" title="Trackball">Trackball</a></li>

<li><a href="Trigger_(game_controller)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trigger (game controller)">Trigger</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sensitive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Accelerometer" title="Accelerometer">Accelerometer</a></li>

<li><a href="Force_feedback" class="mw-redirect" title="Force feedback">Force feedback</a></li>

<li><a href="Gesture_recognition" title="Gesture recognition">Gesture recognition</a></li>

<li><a href="Haptic_technology" title="Haptic technology">Haptic technology</a></li>

<li>

<ul><li><a href="Digital_pen" title="Digital pen">Digital pen</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Touchpad" title="Touchpad">Touchpad</a></li>

<li><a href="Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">Touchscreen</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_game_controllers" title="List of game controllers">List of game controllers</a></li>

<li><a href="Multitap" title="Multitap">Multitap</a></li>

<li><a href="Reset_button" class="mw-redirect" title="Reset button">Reset button</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-06" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Stylus_(computing)&oldid=1294162717">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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